A Review of Lignocellulosic-Derived Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Applications: Lignin Nanoparticles, Xylan Nanoparticles, and Cellulose Nanocrystals

Due to their biocompatibility, biodegradability, and non-toxicity, lignocellulosic-derived nanoparticles are very potential materials for drug carriers in delivery applications. There three main discussed this review. First, lignin (LNPs) an amphiphilic nanoparticle which has versatile interactions toward hydrophilic or hydrophobic drugs. The synthesis methods of LNPs play important role characteristic. Second, xylan (XNPs) a hemicellulose-derived nanoparticle, where additional pretreatment is needed obtain high purity before the XNPs. This process quite long challenging, but XNPs have lot as carrier due stronger with various Third, cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) widely exploited especially CNCs low cytotoxicity, therefore they suitable use carrier. research possibilities these still wide there applications, enhancing characteristics further surface modifications adjusted